# 3.1 Properties

## Objectives

1. Learn why we use properties
2. Learn the syntax of writing a property

## File Location

* We will stay in the **ClassesAndObjectsPractice** project we created before and build off of that.  

## Description

Things to think about when writing a property:

* Will it be **public** or **private**?
* What data **type** will it use?
* What will it be **named**?
* Add the get and set accessors

## Visualization

```csharp
    public class House
    {
//       1      2      3           4
        public int squarefeet { get; set; }
    }
```

1. Access Modifier
2. Property DataType
3. Name of Property
4. Accessor

## Accessor

Accessors are the second half of the syntax used when writing a property. It looks like this `{ get; set; }`. This is a bigger topic you will learn more about later. For now, just know that these accessors are used to show that the private fields can be read, written, or manipulated.

When you are starting to write a property, a shortcut is: Type out **prop** then hit the `tab` key **twice**.

## Sample Code

In the `Donut.cs` file, add these properties:

```csharp
 class Donut
    {
        //Properties of the donut class
        public string Filling { get; set; }
        public int Price { get; set;}
        public string Type { get; set; }
        public bool IsSpecial { get; set; }
    }
```

In the `Program.cs` file, we've already instantiated 3 new donut **objects** (Doug's, Chris's and Nick's). Next we will define each of those donuts by assigning values for each **property**.

```csharp
 class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            //Instantiating the objects
            Donut dougDonut = new Donut();
            Donut chrisDonut = new Donut();
            Donut nickDonut = new Donut();

            //Setting values to properties of objects
            dougDonut.Filling = "cherry";
            dougDonut.Price = 3;
            dougDonut.Type = "normal";
            dougDonut.IsSpecial = true;

            chrisDonut.Filling = "none";
            chrisDonut.Price = 2;
            chrisDonut.Type = "small";
            chrisDonut.IsSpecial = false;

            nickDonut.Filling = "chocolate";
            nickDonut.Price = 3;
            nickDonut.Type = "normal";
            nickDonut.IsSpecial = true;

            Console.WriteLine(nickDonut.Filling);
        }
    }
```

## Discussion

1. In our `Donut` class, we added 4 properties:
   * A `Filling` property that is `public` and will hold a `string` value
   * A `Price` property that is `public` and will hold an `int` value
   * A `Type` property that is `public` and will hold a `string` value
   * An `IsSpecial` property that is`public` and will hold a `bool` value *(true or false)*
2. Then we moved to our `Program` file where we already have three objects: `dougDonut`, `chrisDonut`, and `nickDonut`
3. We set values to these properties of the instantiated objects - i.e. `nickDonut.Filling = "chocolate";`
4. You can test if these values were set by Console.WriteLine'ing the object's property `Console.WriteLine(nickDonut.Filling);`

## Challenges

## Bronze Challenge

* Add a class called Hotel
* Create three properties/variables:
  1. RoomNumber
  2. IsAvailable
  3. NumBeds
* Create an object and give each property a value

## Silver Challenge

* Create a method that prints out the `RoomNumber` to a guest
* For instance, "Your room number is C24".

## Gold Challenge

* Create a method that checks the availability of a room and prints the following:
  * "Yes sir (or miss, but NOT ma'am - no one wants to be called ma'am), room A23 is available." -> If it is available.
  * "I'm sorry sir (or miss), that room is not available." -> If it is not available.

[Answers](broken://pages/-LAU8tJCkq_E0aIJxDTd)

[Next:](/dotnet-101-csharpfundamentals/part-3-objects-methods-c-fundamentals/3.2-methods.md) Methods


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